Unit 3: Testing the New Nation
Founding the nation is about the start of America, with the main focus on colonial America.
Timeline
"Trigger Words"
Trigger words are all the words that will be vital to understanding the unit or chapter of reading. All words will be listed below, along with their significance in it's historical context.
1.) Battle of Saratoga- The Battle of Saratoga was a turning point in the Revolutionary War. It occurred in 1777, and on October 17,the British had surrendered their arms, giving hope to America. The Battle was fought using the "divide-and-conquer" technique, and it led to General John Burgoyne losing approximately eighty-six percent of his army.
2.)French & Indian War- The French and Indian War was fought in 1754 and was fought for approximately two years. It's significance is that the war led to the Seven Year's War after the first two years had gone by. The war also fought in America, Europe, Africa, the Indies, the Philippines, as well as on the ocean. Another significant fact about the war was the unity it brought to the colonies. In previous times, everyone had seemed to laugh at how un-united America was, but the war actually got everyone to pull together with new senses of unity and nationalism.
3.)Great Awakening- The Great Awakening was revered as a major awakening of religion in the colonies. Ministers and others who were highly religious tried to revive religion throughout the colonies. Soon, many began to attend churches again. However, one effect of the Great Awakening was that many people began to lose their faith.
4.)Halfway Covenant- The Halfway-Covenant was a form of limited membership in Puritan churches. The children of families with this membership who could be baptized in the church, but they were not allowed to voice out their opinions, vote on church affairs, or take communion. This movement was promoted in order to raise the amount of religious significance in colonists' lives. Many hoped that the offering of this partial membership would make colonists gradually see the benefits of conversion, which would simultaneously earn them a full membership.
5.)Mayflower Compact- The Mayflower Compact was document compiled by the Pilgrims who founded Plymouth Plantation. It established a basic government and laws for the settlers to follow; including to follow whatever rules set by the governor—who was elected by people. It established that the Pilgrims recognized themselves as a civil body politic united by their allegiance to the king and their devotion to God. This prevented a few colonists—those who did not leave due to religious conflict—from straying off and using the land however they saw fit. It was signed by all the adult males on the ship.
6.)Mercantilism- Mercantilism was the belief that wealth was power, and a country's wealth (in the economic sense) could be measured in it's gold or silver. The good thing for areas that had the idea of mercantilism was that they exported more than they imported, so the area was wealthier, but it also was good because certain laws weren't being enforced much so people could get away more with the tolerance of officials. However, the bad side was that it had annoying liabilities which many colonists didn't like.
7.)Pontiac’s Rebellion- Pontiac’s Rebellion resulted from a Native American chief's attempts to prevent white settlement into the trans-Appalachian frontier. Many tribes from around the Great Lakes region united in order to force the British troops and settlers out. People were slaughtered and prisoners were taken. However the rebellion/war ended, with the British winning. Amendments were made to the policies to allow for a lesser chance of other similar incidents from happening in the future.
8.)Puritans- Puritans were significant in history because they were not only settlers/founders for certain towns, but they also believed that Queen Elizabeth's religious reforms had not gone far enough.Thus, many moved to Massachusetts Bay in order to establish their own religious community. They believed in ideas such as predestination.
9.)Salem Witch Trials- The Salem Witch Trials were significant in that people were killed, burned, and other things after being accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts. The trials showed the extremes in culture and society in colonial America, and just how hysterical life could actually be.
10.)Stono Rebellion- The Stono Rebellion was a large-scale slave rebellion that took place before the American Revolution. Slaves were recruited, and these slaves begun a spree of killing whites before they were halted by the South Carolina militia. They were executed or shipped way to be sold. After this, South Carolina established the Negro Act of 1740, which harshly restricted the movement and actions of slaves. It was inspired by Spanish promise to free slaves in Florida.
1.) Battle of Saratoga- The Battle of Saratoga was a turning point in the Revolutionary War. It occurred in 1777, and on October 17,the British had surrendered their arms, giving hope to America. The Battle was fought using the "divide-and-conquer" technique, and it led to General John Burgoyne losing approximately eighty-six percent of his army.
2.)French & Indian War- The French and Indian War was fought in 1754 and was fought for approximately two years. It's significance is that the war led to the Seven Year's War after the first two years had gone by. The war also fought in America, Europe, Africa, the Indies, the Philippines, as well as on the ocean. Another significant fact about the war was the unity it brought to the colonies. In previous times, everyone had seemed to laugh at how un-united America was, but the war actually got everyone to pull together with new senses of unity and nationalism.
3.)Great Awakening- The Great Awakening was revered as a major awakening of religion in the colonies. Ministers and others who were highly religious tried to revive religion throughout the colonies. Soon, many began to attend churches again. However, one effect of the Great Awakening was that many people began to lose their faith.
4.)Halfway Covenant- The Halfway-Covenant was a form of limited membership in Puritan churches. The children of families with this membership who could be baptized in the church, but they were not allowed to voice out their opinions, vote on church affairs, or take communion. This movement was promoted in order to raise the amount of religious significance in colonists' lives. Many hoped that the offering of this partial membership would make colonists gradually see the benefits of conversion, which would simultaneously earn them a full membership.
5.)Mayflower Compact- The Mayflower Compact was document compiled by the Pilgrims who founded Plymouth Plantation. It established a basic government and laws for the settlers to follow; including to follow whatever rules set by the governor—who was elected by people. It established that the Pilgrims recognized themselves as a civil body politic united by their allegiance to the king and their devotion to God. This prevented a few colonists—those who did not leave due to religious conflict—from straying off and using the land however they saw fit. It was signed by all the adult males on the ship.
6.)Mercantilism- Mercantilism was the belief that wealth was power, and a country's wealth (in the economic sense) could be measured in it's gold or silver. The good thing for areas that had the idea of mercantilism was that they exported more than they imported, so the area was wealthier, but it also was good because certain laws weren't being enforced much so people could get away more with the tolerance of officials. However, the bad side was that it had annoying liabilities which many colonists didn't like.
7.)Pontiac’s Rebellion- Pontiac’s Rebellion resulted from a Native American chief's attempts to prevent white settlement into the trans-Appalachian frontier. Many tribes from around the Great Lakes region united in order to force the British troops and settlers out. People were slaughtered and prisoners were taken. However the rebellion/war ended, with the British winning. Amendments were made to the policies to allow for a lesser chance of other similar incidents from happening in the future.
8.)Puritans- Puritans were significant in history because they were not only settlers/founders for certain towns, but they also believed that Queen Elizabeth's religious reforms had not gone far enough.Thus, many moved to Massachusetts Bay in order to establish their own religious community. They believed in ideas such as predestination.
9.)Salem Witch Trials- The Salem Witch Trials were significant in that people were killed, burned, and other things after being accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts. The trials showed the extremes in culture and society in colonial America, and just how hysterical life could actually be.
10.)Stono Rebellion- The Stono Rebellion was a large-scale slave rebellion that took place before the American Revolution. Slaves were recruited, and these slaves begun a spree of killing whites before they were halted by the South Carolina militia. They were executed or shipped way to be sold. After this, South Carolina established the Negro Act of 1740, which harshly restricted the movement and actions of slaves. It was inspired by Spanish promise to free slaves in Florida.
Primary Sources
Title: Primary Source Documents
Link: http://www.constitution.org/primarysources/primarysources.html
Summary: This site gives/lists hundreds of primary source documents from colonial America, giving insight from everything like the Salem Witch Trials (the persecution and accusations made by others onto those they deemed as "witches" whom they burnt, killed, abused, etc.) to literature that effected colonists (such as the Bible), and just various things that effected the colonists in the 1700s as well as other time periods. In addition, the site gives information and sources to other times in history even after colonial times. Interesting enough, the site relates the times together by stating how they all influenced each other through the history of America as a whole, making it easier to understand and easier to realize the significance of time periods and events as a whole.
Significance: The site's significance is it helps the reader connect history together, not only giving sources and detail to colonial America but later centuries in American history. It doesn't just focus on the time frame as one thing by itself, but as a turning point in history enabling and impacting other aspects of history that have led us to where we are today. It's a great tool in relating previous times (before colonial) to the colonial times, and it's extremely helpful because it describes how they all were influenced. It gives religious insight and influence in history, as well as other things, and its a good tool for studying. So, yeah<3 just sayin'.
Name: Jen B. :D<3
Title: The House of Burgesees
Link: http://www.ushistory.org/us/2f.asp
Summary: At the time of this document, both Spain and France had absolute monarchies. However, Britain had a limited monarchy. This limited monarchy gave citizens some voice in the government and prevented them from being ruled by a tyrant. This did not mean that the Virginians would gain representation from the British government, however. Because of this, a group of Virginians drafted up a document which granted themselves self-rule to some extent. This was one of the United States' fi
Significance: The House of Burgesees was the first of many Democratically elected governments in the New World. It proved that there did not need to be a Monarch in power for a efficiently run government. Citizens could have a choice in who was elected, despite the only ones allowed to vote in the House were the white males. The idea that citizens should have a voice in government would soon be the basis of the United States. It also implied that there did not have to be a foreign power reigning over the new territory and its people.
Name: Diana D. :P
Title: A Letter from an Indentured Servant in Virginia, 1623
Link: http://www.faulkner.edu/academics/artsandsciences/socialandbehavioral/readings/hy/letter.aspx
Summary: An indentured servant writes to his family about his experiences after arriving in America and compares these experiences to the life he had in England. There is mention of the Native Americans and the type of work schedule he has.
Significance: This document is significant due to its chronicle of the type of life back then. It is obvious how wary the life an indentured servant is; it is unclear whether or not is was worth it to leave England, only for a job opportunity. He lives a much harsher life in the colonies and it was much more difficult to get a start in a better life than it may seem. From the surface, the colonies looks as if it is a blank canvas waiting to be filled, but the painter soon realizes that a new land equates to an even harsher reality. The life of an indentured servant was not easy nor was it safe.
Name: Lisa C. :U
Title: Mayflower Compact
Link: http://avalon.law.yale.edu/17th_century/mayflower.asp
Summary: The Mayflower Compact describes how the people aboard the Mayflower have agreed to form a politic body, and that all of them will follow the rules of the governor. All the adult males signed. They swear their allegiance to the king and swear to help in the advancement of the Christian faith.
Significance: The document serves to display the first basic government within the colonies by the British settlers, or Pilgrims. It lays down basic ground rules, and shows the starting of an American community. This is essential to American history because it serves as the first recognition by British colonists that they are now Americans in the New World.
Name: Sebastian T. *Troll face*
Link: http://www.constitution.org/primarysources/primarysources.html
Summary: This site gives/lists hundreds of primary source documents from colonial America, giving insight from everything like the Salem Witch Trials (the persecution and accusations made by others onto those they deemed as "witches" whom they burnt, killed, abused, etc.) to literature that effected colonists (such as the Bible), and just various things that effected the colonists in the 1700s as well as other time periods. In addition, the site gives information and sources to other times in history even after colonial times. Interesting enough, the site relates the times together by stating how they all influenced each other through the history of America as a whole, making it easier to understand and easier to realize the significance of time periods and events as a whole.
Significance: The site's significance is it helps the reader connect history together, not only giving sources and detail to colonial America but later centuries in American history. It doesn't just focus on the time frame as one thing by itself, but as a turning point in history enabling and impacting other aspects of history that have led us to where we are today. It's a great tool in relating previous times (before colonial) to the colonial times, and it's extremely helpful because it describes how they all were influenced. It gives religious insight and influence in history, as well as other things, and its a good tool for studying. So, yeah<3 just sayin'.
Name: Jen B. :D<3
Title: The House of Burgesees
Link: http://www.ushistory.org/us/2f.asp
Summary: At the time of this document, both Spain and France had absolute monarchies. However, Britain had a limited monarchy. This limited monarchy gave citizens some voice in the government and prevented them from being ruled by a tyrant. This did not mean that the Virginians would gain representation from the British government, however. Because of this, a group of Virginians drafted up a document which granted themselves self-rule to some extent. This was one of the United States' fi
Significance: The House of Burgesees was the first of many Democratically elected governments in the New World. It proved that there did not need to be a Monarch in power for a efficiently run government. Citizens could have a choice in who was elected, despite the only ones allowed to vote in the House were the white males. The idea that citizens should have a voice in government would soon be the basis of the United States. It also implied that there did not have to be a foreign power reigning over the new territory and its people.
Name: Diana D. :P
Title: A Letter from an Indentured Servant in Virginia, 1623
Link: http://www.faulkner.edu/academics/artsandsciences/socialandbehavioral/readings/hy/letter.aspx
Summary: An indentured servant writes to his family about his experiences after arriving in America and compares these experiences to the life he had in England. There is mention of the Native Americans and the type of work schedule he has.
Significance: This document is significant due to its chronicle of the type of life back then. It is obvious how wary the life an indentured servant is; it is unclear whether or not is was worth it to leave England, only for a job opportunity. He lives a much harsher life in the colonies and it was much more difficult to get a start in a better life than it may seem. From the surface, the colonies looks as if it is a blank canvas waiting to be filled, but the painter soon realizes that a new land equates to an even harsher reality. The life of an indentured servant was not easy nor was it safe.
Name: Lisa C. :U
Title: Mayflower Compact
Link: http://avalon.law.yale.edu/17th_century/mayflower.asp
Summary: The Mayflower Compact describes how the people aboard the Mayflower have agreed to form a politic body, and that all of them will follow the rules of the governor. All the adult males signed. They swear their allegiance to the king and swear to help in the advancement of the Christian faith.
Significance: The document serves to display the first basic government within the colonies by the British settlers, or Pilgrims. It lays down basic ground rules, and shows the starting of an American community. This is essential to American history because it serves as the first recognition by British colonists that they are now Americans in the New World.
Name: Sebastian T. *Troll face*
4 Worlds
Political Politics:
*The Mayflower Compact was Plymouth's first document for governing, written by the separatists *The House of Burgesses was created so that settlers could have a representative self-government Leadership: *Many colonies had royal governors, which were elected by the crown *Colonies such as Maryland, Delaware, and Pennsylvania were controlled by proprietors *Rhode Island and Connecticut were self-governing Fairness/rights: *Voting was usually limited to white landowning adult males *Men did not have complete control over their wives, they may be imprisoned for abuse *Women, however, had very little rights in many colonies Security: *The British navy and army were largely responsible for defense of the colonies *Small militias comprised of minutemen were common also |
Economic Economics:
* Mainly exported goods back to the United Kingdom *Used slave /indentured labor for farming or special skills like rice farming or weaving *Highly agricultural, but New England was mainly shipping and industry *Bought and sold items from England mainly *Cotton and tobacco were major cash crops in southern colonies Currency: *Gold, copper and silver were the primary means of exchange *Trade was a common method of payment Prosperity: *The first settlers had more interest in looking for gold and farming tobacco that they neglected agriculture *Indentured servants were discouraged that they were not given rights to fertile lands, which led to Bacon's Rebellion |
SocialSocial:
*Men were superior to women *White men were ultimately superior to everyone *Slight diversity in regards to ethnicity due to slaves and Native Americans *Not a high life expectancy; however, it was a higher expectancy in the North as opposed to the South *Angst/conflict in society between colonists and the British |
Cultural Culture:
*Northern colonies were well educated due to the high influence of religion *Some northern colonies, such as Pennsylvania, were much more tolerance of ethnic groups like religious sects or Indians. Religion: *Religion was a huge part of colonial life, where the majority of colonists were of Anglican faith. *Many African slaves would incorporate Christianity into their traditional African religions *Maryland was founded by Lord Baltimore for Catholics while Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn for Quakers. *The Great Awakening was a major religious movement that persuaded more people to seek religion |